Tunnels / Mines / Underground Engineering

Tunnel Construction Personnel & Vehicle Positioning Management Solution

In-tunnel Bluetooth beacon positioning + WiFi data transmission, out-of-tunnel GPS + 4G automatic relay—one tunnel, two networks, seamless in/out switching, personnel and vehicles always on the map.

In-Tunnel BLEBluetooth beacon positioning, unaffected by GPS failure
WiFi Tunnel TransmissionWhen no 4G signal, data uploaded via WiFi link
Auto-switch on exiting tunnelGPS/BeiDou + 4G restored immediately, no manual intervention
Personnel & Vehicle Unified ManagementHat card + magnetic vehicle positioning device on one platform
Tunnel Construction Personnel & Vehicle Positioning - Scene Illustration
PAIN POINTS

Tunnel construction, why can’t positions be managed?

Satellite signals are blocked by the mountain, public network signals can’t get in, the tunnel becomes a regulatory “black hole”

🛰️

In-tunnel GPS fully fails

Thick mountain cover means satellite signals cannot penetrate at all; traditional GPS trackers go “blind” upon entering the tunnel.

📵

4G signal can’t get in

Deep in the tunnel there is no public network coverage; 4G positioning devices cannot send data out, breaking the position information chain.

🚧

High risk of mixed personnel and vehicle traffic

Muck cars, muck-removal vehicles and personnel work crossing in narrow spaces; unclear positions easily cause collisions.

🆘

Unclear emergency baseline

When emergencies like collapses and water inrushes occur, the number, positions and distribution of people in the tunnel cannot be quickly grasped.

CORE DESIGN

One terminal, automatic switching inside and outside the tunnel

Same positioning device, two working modes, fully automatic in/out of tunnel, zero operation for personnel

In Tunnel · Mode A

📳 Bluetooth Beacon Positioning + WiFi Transmission

After entering the tunnel GPS disappears, the device automatically switches toBluetooth beacon positioning: scans the Bluetooth beacons deployed along the tunnel to resolve position, data via the in-tunnelWiFi networkbackhauled level by level.

  • Bluetooth beacons every 20~30m along the tunnel wall, position is the “road sign”
  • WiFi AP every 150~250m, chained coverage of the whole tunnel
  • Fiber optic/ring network linked to the tunnel-port equipment room, stable and reliable
  • Positioning granularity: section-level (beacon spacing is the accuracy)
Outside Tunnel · Mode B

🛰️ GPS/BeiDou Positioning + 4G Transmission

Driving/walking out of the tunnel, satellite signal recovers, the deviceautomatically switches back to GPS/BeiDou positioning, data via4G public networkdirectly to cloud platform, seamless track continuity.

  • GPS/BeiDou + base station multi-mode positioning, precise throughout outside the tunnel
  • 4G direct to cloud platform, no on-site network needed
  • In/out tunnel moments automatically logged, forming a complete track chain
  • Zero-perception switching, no operation required from personnel
💡 Key Points:Positioning and transmission “dual channels” back each other up—inside the tunnel, “beacon+WiFi” fills the dual blind spots of GPS and 4G, outside automatically restores satellite and public network. Personnel and vehicles appear on the platform as onecontinuous position track.
ARCHITECTURE

System Architecture · Tunnel Longitudinal Section Single Map

In-tunnel network and out-of-tunnel public network converge on the platform side, personnel and vehicles always on the map

⚰️ Mountain cover · GPS failure · 4G no signal In Tunnel · Bluetooth Beacon Positioning + WiFi Transmission 👷 Personnel · Hat Card Small flat car · magnetic positioning device BeaconBeaconBeacon 📶 AP 📶 AP BLE scan positioning WiFi reporting WiFi Fiber ring network Tunnel-mouth Equipment Room Aggregation/switching Dedicated line to cloud 📡 Out-of-tunnel 4G base station Auto-switch after exiting tunnel 💻 Positioning Cloud Platform Large Screen · Mobile App
Two links, one platform:Inside the tunnel—hat card/vehicle positioning device scans Bluetooth beacons to complete positioning, data aggregated via tunnel WiFi AP and fiber ring network to the tunnel-port room and up to cloud; outside—auto switch back to GPS/BeiDou + 4G direct after exiting. The platform presents uniformly, in/out tunnel tracks complete and continuous.
DEPLOYMENT

How to deploy inside the tunnel? Four things to clarify

Deployed extending with tunnel excavation, simple construction, not dependent on public network

🔵

Beacon every 20~30m

Bluetooth beacon wall-mounted/attached to tunnel side wall or arch, moves forward synchronously with the excavation face, position is the number

📶

AP every 150~250m

WiFi AP wall-deployed, chained coverage of the whole tunnel, extending with progress

🔌

Fiber/ring network backhaul

AP aggregated via fiber (or using temporary construction communication cable) to tunnel-port room, stable and anti-interference

⚡

Tunnel port is the switch point

Tunnel port is the natural boundary between GPS/4G and beacon/WiFi, device auto-switches in/out of tunnel

DATA FLOW

From tunnel entry to screen, five-step closed loop

👷🚗

Wear / Magnetic attach

Personnel wear hat cards, construction small flat cars magnetically fix the positioning device, network on power-on

🔵

In-tunnel positioning

On tunnel entry auto-switches to Bluetooth beacon positioning, resolves the section by beacon number

📶

WiFi backhaul

Position data transmitted via tunnel WiFi AP and fiber ring network to tunnel-port room

🛰️

Out-of-tunnel switch

Auto restore GPS/BeiDou + 4G on exiting, seamless track continuation

🖥️

Platform presentation

In-tunnel section + out-of-tunnel precise position unified into one map, real-time count of people and vehicles

HARDWARE

Core Hardware

Two positioning devices on same platform, same account system, personnel and vehicles managed on one map

Hat Card Positioning Device
Personnel Terminal

Hat Card Positioning Device (wearable)

GPS/BeiDou + Bluetooth + WiFi + 4G all-in-one
  • Fixed on hard hat, imperceptible to wear, does not affect work
  • In-tunnel Bluetooth beacon positioning, out-of-tunnel GPS/BeiDou automatic positioning
  • Data transmission WiFi / 4G dual-channel automatic switching
  • SOS one-touch alarm button, emergency direct to platform
  • Low-battery reminder, IP67 protection adapts to humid and dusty environment
Magnetic Vehicle Positioning Device
Vehicle Terminal (tunnel construction small flat car)

Magnetic Vehicle Positioning Device

Strong magnet no modification · fits construction small flat car · power-takeoff/battery dual mode
  • Strong magnet attaches to the small flat car body metal surface, 10-second installation, moves in/out with the vehicle
  • Designed for tunnel material-transport/muck-removal small flat cars, not sedans
  • In-tunnel Bluetooth beacon positioning + WiFi transmission, same network as personnel
  • Out-of-tunnel GPS/BeiDou + 4G auto-switch reporting
  • Can correlate vehicle speed, over-speed alarm, preventing in-tunnel small flat car collision and runaway risk
  • Dual metal buttons + IP67 protection, adapts to harsh in-tunnel humid and dusty conditions
Bluetooth Beacon
In-Tunnel Positioning Infrastructure

Bluetooth Beacon

One beacon one position, the tunnel’s “position road sign”
  • Continuously broadcasts unique position ID, number is the tunnel mileage section
  • Battery powered, changed every few years, no wiring, maintenance-free
  • Wall-mount/magnetic/tie flexible installation, quick forward move with excavation face
  • Dustproof and waterproof, adapts to in-tunnel humid and dusty environment
📶
In-Tunnel Transmission Infrastructure

WiFi Coverage Network (AP + Fiber Ring Network)

The “data highway” in 4G-less tunnels
  • AP every 150~250m, chained coverage of whole tunnel
  • Aggregate position data reported by positioning devices via WiFi
  • Fiber/ring network linked to tunnel-port room, dedicated line to cloud
  • Industrial-grade equipment, resistant to humidity and dust, supports tunnel extension and expansion
PLATFORM

Six Major Platform Functions

🗺️

One Map Inside and Outside Tunnel

In-tunnel section positions and out-of-tunnel precise positions presented uniformly, personnel and vehicles marked in colors

👥

In-Tunnel Personnel/Vehicle Count

Real-time count of current in-tunnel personnel and vehicle numbers and distribution sections, emergency baseline checkable anytime

🚧

Electronic Fence

Hazard sections (blasting zone, water inrush section, muck car work zone) delineated, intrusion immediate alarm

🆘

SOS and Emergency Evacuation

Hat card one-touch SOS reports position, emergencies guide evacuation and roll call by section

🕐

In/Out Tunnel Logging

In/out tunnel moments automatically recorded, in-tunnel duration automatically counted, attendance evidence-based

📈

Track Replay

Personnel and vehicle history track replay, accident analysis and accountability traceable

ALERTS

Multi-dimensional Alarm System

Alarm TypeTrigger ConditionLevelDisposition Action
SOS HelpHat card SOS button triggeredEmergencyPlatform popup + SMS/phone push to management end, with position section
Hazard Zone IntrusionEntering blasting zone/water inrush section fenceEmergencyImmediate alarm and linkage with on-site broadcast/attendant intervention
In-Tunnel OvercrowdingNumber of people in a section exceeds the limitImportantPrompt diversion, prevent muck car/cross-operation crowding risk
Timeout Not Out of TunnelEntered tunnel but not out past timeout (configurable by shift)ImportantVerify whether lingering, start check on abnormality
Vehicle Over-speedIn-tunnel over-speed threshold triggeredImportantAlarm push to fleet management, violation records archived
Abnormal StillnessPersonnel position unchanged for a long timeImportantAttendant verifies by phone, on-site check if necessary
Device OfflinePositioning device no data past timeoutNoticeTroubleshoot device fault or network loss, prevent “false online”
Low BatteryBattery level below thresholdNoticeRemind to charge/replace, ensure full-shift online
ADVANTAGES

Six Major Advantages

🔄

Seamless In/Out Tunnel Switching

GPS/4G and beacon/WiFi dual-mode automatic relay, track continuous throughout with no breakpoints

🕳️

Built for Network-less Tunnels

Not dependent on public network and satellite, positions and transmits even with thickest mountain

🚗

Unified Personnel & Vehicle Supervision

Hat card + magnetic vehicle positioning device on same platform, mixed personnel/vehicle risk visible and controllable

🧲

Zero-modification Installation

Hat card directly fixed on hard hat, vehicle strong magnet sticks and goes, flexibly migrates with excavation face

🆘

Emergency baseline checkable in seconds

In-tunnel personnel count and section distribution fully visible on one screen, winning golden time for emergency decisions

🧱

Elastic Extension with Excavation

Beacons and APs move forward synchronously with tunnel excavation, one-time planning, continuous coverage

SCENARIOS

Four Typical Scenarios

🚇

Tunnel / Subway Construction

Full-process positioning of in/out personnel and vehicles, overcrowding and timeout control

⛏️

Mine Roadway

Underground personnel and vehicle positioning, emergency evacuation roll call

🕳️

Underground Comprehensive Utility Tunnel

O&M inspection personnel position and area control

🏗️

Underground Parking / Culvert

Work vehicles and personnel underground space position management

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